N.C. Department of Environment and Natural Resources
 Welcome to the North Carolina Division of Air Quality
Air Toxics Program >> Investigations & Area Studies

Summary of Rule Amending the Hydrogen Sulfide Acceptable Ambient Level
Updated March 15, 2006

On April 1, 2005 a rule change became effective to reduce the hydrogen sulfide Acceptable Ambient Level (AAL) from 2.1 to 0.12 milligrams per cubic meter (or from 1,500 to 83 parts per billion) under 15A NCAC 2D .1104. Included in the rule were provisions to exempt paper mill wastewater treatment systems from the new hydrogen sulfide AAL, provided the paper industry submit the following information relative to their wastewater treatment systems:

  • Results of monitoring studies on hydrogen sulfide and other reduced sulfur compound emissions. Industry must conduct monitoring studies and report the results to the Division of Air Quality (DAQ) by November 1, 2005. DAQ must provide an account of the report to the Environmental Management Commission (EMC) by January 1, 2006 [15A NCAC 2D .1104(1)].

  • Results of air dispersion modeling using the monitoring study data. If modeling analysis demonstrates that predicted hydrogen sulfide concentrations are below the AAL, no further action is required. The favorable modeling results must be submitted by July 1, 2006, and DAQ should report information on the modeling analysis to the EMC by September 1, 2006 [15A NCAC 2D .1104(2)].
  • However, if modeling results are not favorable and show the hydrogen sulfide AAL is exceeded, industry must submit an ambient air monitoring plan to assess actual hydrogen sulfide levels by September 30, 2006. The air monitoring may be performed at one mill DAQ determines to be representative. The DAQ must decide on approval of the plan by December 31, 2006 [15A NCAC 2D .1104(3)]

A meeting was held between the paper industry and DAQ on January 17, 2006 to confront the data quality problems in the reports and discuss plans for conducting additional studies. DAQ concluded that most of the analytical data and resulting emission estimates in the Phase I reports to be unacceptable for the purpose of meeting 15A NCAC 2Q .0714. The US EPA also reviewed the reports and found the analytical data "questionable" bearing the same uncertainty as information existing before the study. In February 2006 the paper industry submitted their revised study plan (Phase II) with the proposed scope of work and analytical quality assurance procedures. DAQ found all but one proposed detail in their submittal acceptable, being firm that analyses must include dimethyl sulfide and dimethyl disulfide along with hydrogen sulfide and methyl mercaptan. Industry plans are to complete the Phase II monitoring study in time to submit emission estimates and dispersion modeling results by July 2006 according to the following schedule:

Phase II Study Schedule:
First site:Weyerhaeuser-Plymouth March 2006
Second site:International Paper-Roanoke RapidsApril 2006
Report Submittal (with emission estimates and dispersion modeling results)July 1, 2006
 

Progress report for the March 2006 Air Quality Committee Meeting [PDF] [Text]
   - Related presentation [Powerpoint]

 

Technical and Regulatory Information

  • Summary of Hydrogen Sulfide Acceptable Ambient Level Amendment Proposal [PDF] [Text]
    • Hydrogen sulfide emission inventory in North Carolina [PDF] [Text]
    • State survey of hydrogen sulfide Acceptable Ambient Level standards [PDF] [Text]
    • Hydrogen sulfide regulatory practices in other states [PDF] [Text]
    • Hydrogen sulfide emissions from North Carolina hog farms [PDF] [Text]
    • Sulfur cycling in swine lagoons [PDF] [Text]
    • Hydrogen sulfide modeling at paper, fertilizer, and asphalt plants [PDF] [Text]
    • Proposed options on hydrogen sulfide and activated sludge issue [PDF] [Text]
    • Additional information on hydrogen sulfide and activated sludge issue [PDF] [Text]
    • Asphalt plant modeling of hydrogen sulfide emissions [PDF] [Text]
    • Preliminary economic impact analysis for proposed hydrogen sulfide [PDF] [Text]
    • Stability of hydrogen sulfide in ambient air [PDF] [Text]
    • DAQ slide presentation on hydrogen sulfide issues - February AQC Meeting [PowerPoint]
    • DAQ slide presentation on hydrogen sulfide issues - March AQC Meeting [PowerPoint]
    • NC toxics rule compliance procedures [PDF] [Text]
    • Proposed 15A NCAC 2D .1104 TAP guidelines for hydrogen sulfide [PDF] [Text]
    • Proposed 15A NCAC 2D .0702 Exemptions for paper mill wastewater treatment systems [PDF] [Text]
    • Steps in developing and adapting a rule [PDF] [Text]
    • Rulemaking process timeline [PDF] [Text]
    • Typical comment procedures [PDF] [Text]

  • Final recommendations from the May Environmental Management Commission (EMC) Meeting [PDF] [Text]
  • Final Economic Analysis to Amend H2S AAL
    • Economic Analysis Narrative (7/17/03) [PDF] [Text]
    • Impact Certification and OSBM Fiscal Note [PDF] [Text]
  • The EMC has scheduled two public hearings on the new hydrogen sulfide AAL rules:

  • General information on the NC DAQ Air Toxics Program [http://daq.state.nc.us/toxics/]

  • For additional information about the H2S AAL proposed options, contact the following:

 

Toxicological Information

  • DAQ discussion on the health effects of hydrogen sulfide [PDF] [Text]
  • Scientific Advisory Board Recommendations for Hydrogen Sulfide Acceptable Ambient Level [PDF] [Text]
  • Department of Health and Human Services Health Recommendations for Hydrogen Sulfide Acceptable Ambient Level [PDF] [Text]
  • Department of Health and Human Services Health Assessment for Hydrogen Sulfide [PDF] [Text]
  • Department of Health and Human Services Health Assessment Tables for Hydrogen Sulfide [PDF] [Text]
  • Department of Health and Human Services Presentation at February AQC Meeting [PDF] [Text]
  • Scientific Advisory Board Chariman response to MCIC comments [PDF] [Text]
  • A description of what is an Acceptable Ambient Level in NC air toxics program [PDF] [Text]
  • Information on the NC Scientific Advisory Board, including priorities, practices and policies, and risk assessment guidelines [http://daq.state.nc.us/toxics/risk/sab/]
  • A citizen's guide to risk assessment of toxic air pollutants [PDF]
  • For additional information about H2S health effects, contact the following:

 

Public Comments Received on Revising Hydrogen Sulfide Acceptable Ambient Level

  • Environmental Defense comments - February [PDF] [Text]
  • Environmental Defense comments - March [PDF] [Text]
  • Environmental Defense comments - April [PDF] [Text]
  • Environmental Defense presentation on hydrogen sulfide issues [PowerPoint]
  • Beaufort County citizens comments [PDF] [Text]
  • Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League comments - February [PDF] [Text]
  • Blue Ridge Environmental Defense League comments - March [HTML]
  • MCIC presentation on hydrogen sulfide issues - February [PowerPoint]
  • MCIC letter to Air Quality Committee - March 2003 [PDF] [Text]

 

 Get Acrobat Reader To view and print PDF files you must install the Adobe Acrobat reader. It is available, free of charge, from Adobe.

Email us

Last Modified: Tue July 18 09:51:17 2006
 Visit the NCDENR web portal
Top of Page